Past Perfect Tense

The past perfect tense corresponds to the perfect tense, but the action occurred in the past before another action occurred in the past. In English, it translates to "had" instead of "have" before the past participle. To form this tense, simply use the simple past of hebben or zijn (whichever auxiliary the verb used in the present perfect tense) and the past participle.

Zij had de boeken niet gevonden. She had not found the books.
Jullie hadden in Paris gestudeerd. You had studied in Paris.